Human evolution. Fact or bull?
This is me trying to combine studying and blogging. Typical media student ;)This kinda gives me an incentive to study in a way, knowing that people would read all this. Lol. Anyway I've got a test on human evolution tomorrow. Whether I believe in it or not. I'm just doing it for the credits. Honestly speaking. Putting religious beliefs aside.This topic is very interesting( cool bbc documentaries on nude people running about like apes) and regarded as the easiest of all but why on earth are we doing this when most of the "facts" we are getting aren't necessarily verified or proven? Most of which are just men's theories on how we got here. Whatevs. By the end of the ncea exams, I'll probably forget most of the things I've studied and making way for partay's. (Note: mini sponge bob in sponge bob's brain frantically erasing everything) ha ha. As I've said. I'm doing it for the credits.
Anyway. Lets try studying shall we? And no more sidetracking :D You can stop reading right about now.
This is me trying to combine studying and blogging. Typical media student ;)This kinda gives me an incentive to study in a way, knowing that people would read all this. Lol. Anyway I've got a test on human evolution tomorrow. Whether I believe in it or not. I'm just doing it for the credits. Honestly speaking. Putting religious beliefs aside.This topic is very interesting( cool bbc documentaries on nude people running about like apes) and regarded as the easiest of all but why on earth are we doing this when most of the "facts" we are getting aren't necessarily verified or proven? Most of which are just men's theories on how we got here. Whatevs. By the end of the ncea exams, I'll probably forget most of the things I've studied and making way for partay's. (Note: mini sponge bob in sponge bob's brain frantically erasing everything) ha ha. As I've said. I'm doing it for the credits.
Anyway. Lets try studying shall we? And no more sidetracking :D You can stop reading right about now.
1)Hominin- The so-called tribe consisting of Homo and several genera of Bipedal Apes.
(note: Bipedal- walking on two rear limbs)
Hominid- Family consisting of human's, apes and orang utans.
2) Human lineage-
-We started off as early hominids which basically look a lot like chimps that show some human characteristics such as Bipedalism,shape and arrangement of their teeth. Eg. Sahelanthropus tchadensis.( say this fast and you're a legend)
-Australopithecines were the next stage of our evolutionary path.Bipedalism was achieved along with a gracile body,opportunistic omnivores, that scavenge meat. Eg: australopithecus Africanus,Afarensis (lucy),Anamensis . etc.
(note: Bipedal- walking on two rear limbs)
Hominid- Family consisting of human's, apes and orang utans.
2) Human lineage-
-We started off as early hominids which basically look a lot like chimps that show some human characteristics such as Bipedalism,shape and arrangement of their teeth. Eg. Sahelanthropus tchadensis.( say this fast and you're a legend)
-Australopithecines were the next stage of our evolutionary path.Bipedalism was achieved along with a gracile body,opportunistic omnivores, that scavenge meat. Eg: australopithecus Africanus,Afarensis (lucy),Anamensis . etc.
-next was the Paranthropines which were a specialised bunch of hominids that eat bulky, low-grade vegetarian diet. They developed large cheek teeth,powerful chewing muscles and a robust skull. Eg parathropus robustus,boisei.
-Another branch that eventually led to modern humans would be the Habillines. They were the first lot to show brain enlargement because of more meat in their diet that contained protein for brain development. Created the first recognizable stone tool. Post cranial still small.Eg: Homo rudolfensis(1470cc skull),Habillis.
-Erectines were next. They showed changes in the post cranial skeleton, achieving in height (modern proportions), Behavioral changes matched with increasing brain volume.Sophisticated tool manufacture.Eg. Homo ergaster,erectus & foreinsiensis.
-Achaic and modern humans. Rapid advances in brain development associated with behaviour. They rapidly spread to the world. Eg: Homo neaderhtalensis. heidebergensis and modern humans, the homo sapiens.
3)skeletal changes linked to bipedalism- Toe bone, upright posture indicated by skeleton,valgus angle of knee joint,large muscle mass,human-like pelvis.
4)changes is skull and endocranial features- The skull volume started off small but it increased due to brain development(change of diet to meat) and later in modern humans,it decreased once more.
-Another branch that eventually led to modern humans would be the Habillines. They were the first lot to show brain enlargement because of more meat in their diet that contained protein for brain development. Created the first recognizable stone tool. Post cranial still small.Eg: Homo rudolfensis(1470cc skull),Habillis.
-Erectines were next. They showed changes in the post cranial skeleton, achieving in height (modern proportions), Behavioral changes matched with increasing brain volume.Sophisticated tool manufacture.Eg. Homo ergaster,erectus & foreinsiensis.
-Achaic and modern humans. Rapid advances in brain development associated with behaviour. They rapidly spread to the world. Eg: Homo neaderhtalensis. heidebergensis and modern humans, the homo sapiens.
3)skeletal changes linked to bipedalism- Toe bone, upright posture indicated by skeleton,valgus angle of knee joint,large muscle mass,human-like pelvis.
4)changes is skull and endocranial features- The skull volume started off small but it increased due to brain development(change of diet to meat) and later in modern humans,it decreased once more.
A.Afarensis/lucy : 3.9-30mya
skull similar to chimp with brain size (375-550 cc)
sexual dimorphism ( difference in height from male to female)
human pelvis and legbones indicate bipedalism
A.Africanus: 3.0-2mya
small,gracile,bipedal
Brain size (420-500cc)
human-like jaw shape
P.Boisei: 2.1-1.1 mya
robust species
brain size (500-545cc)
massive jaws,large molars,attachments to skull (sagittal crest) chewing muscle
P.robustus: 2.0-1.5mya
brain size (530cc)
robust,larger skull and teeth
Large brow ridges and no forehead
H. Habillis: 2.4-1.5 mya
similar to australopithecines.
Brain size considerably larger (500-800cc)
buldging of Broca's area indicating rudimentary speech.
H.ergaster/turkana boy: 1.8-1.4 mya
Brain capacity (850-1000cc)
H.Erectus/java man: 1m-300,000 ya.
buttressed skulls with ridges of bone, skulls greatly thickened
Larger brain volumes (1000-1250cc)
Simple hunting tools
Achaic homo sapiens: 300,000 ya
Brain volume (1100-1400cc)
possessing homo erectus and modern human features.
Homo.Neanderthalensis: 230,000-28,000ya
brain vol (1450cc)
Homo Sapiens:: Brian vol (1350cc)
Gracile skeleton
cultural revolution (wide range of materials=wide range of tools)
sophisticated and artists
chin to support jaw movement, Smaller teeth (cooked food).....
I give up i'm doing it old school. LOL
skull similar to chimp with brain size (375-550 cc)
sexual dimorphism ( difference in height from male to female)
human pelvis and legbones indicate bipedalism
A.Africanus: 3.0-2mya
small,gracile,bipedal
Brain size (420-500cc)
human-like jaw shape
P.Boisei: 2.1-1.1 mya
robust species
brain size (500-545cc)
massive jaws,large molars,attachments to skull (sagittal crest) chewing muscle
P.robustus: 2.0-1.5mya
brain size (530cc)
robust,larger skull and teeth
Large brow ridges and no forehead
H. Habillis: 2.4-1.5 mya
similar to australopithecines.
Brain size considerably larger (500-800cc)
buldging of Broca's area indicating rudimentary speech.
H.ergaster/turkana boy: 1.8-1.4 mya
Brain capacity (850-1000cc)
H.Erectus/java man: 1m-300,000 ya.
buttressed skulls with ridges of bone, skulls greatly thickened
Larger brain volumes (1000-1250cc)
Simple hunting tools
Achaic homo sapiens: 300,000 ya
Brain volume (1100-1400cc)
possessing homo erectus and modern human features.
Homo.Neanderthalensis: 230,000-28,000ya
brain vol (1450cc)
Homo Sapiens:: Brian vol (1350cc)
Gracile skeleton
cultural revolution (wide range of materials=wide range of tools)
sophisticated and artists
chin to support jaw movement, Smaller teeth (cooked food).....
I give up i'm doing it old school. LOL
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